The Segregation Of The South - 3016 Words

Segregation in the South Introduction According to Merriam-Webster the word â€Å"segregation† was first known to be used in 1555. It is defined as the separation or isolation of a race, class, or ethnic group by enforcing or voluntary residence in a restricted area, by barriers to social intercourse, by separate educational facilities, or by other discriminatory means. The United States underwent vast transformations, especially in the South. New political, social, and economic systems emerged that transformed the South from a rural, slave-based society, to an increasingly urban, industrialized, free labor society. The changes to the social, political, and economic landscape of the South prompted an unprecedented era of racial violence throughout the region (Jett, p.40). The Southern states deemed slavery was crucial to safeguard white superiority. Most Southern whites who had aspirations of becoming a very prominent slave-owner, were terrified of a society with considerable numbers of African-Americans who were not slaves. Segregation moved by way of public accommodations, all the way through the South. DeFina Hannon (2011) and others showed daily interactions of whites and blacks in the South, during reconstruction of the south identified racial prejudices were increasing steadily, after the Civil War and especially during the 1880’s. Town after town across the south flatly banned African Americans within their city limits after dark. Legal, political, social andShow MoreRelatedThe Segregation Of The South1386 Words   |  6 PagesPrior to the start of WWII, the South was still deeply rooted with segregation and racism. The Jim Crow laws were still in full force and were law, not just a suggestion. Schools were separated, Blacks could not vote, and they lacked basic civil liberties and citizen rights. The North was very similar, though it did not have the Jim Crows laws. Even so, schools were segregated due to the formation of ghettos in cities. There were still separated bathrooms, and divided seating in restaurants, butRead MoreThe Segregation Of South Africa846 Words   |  4 Pagesofficials in South Africa were all white. This lack of diversity within the government led to the establishment of racial segregation, the term used for this segregation was apartheid. Many of the issues that led to the eventual establishment of segregation stemmed from the 1913 Land Act, â€Å"marked the beginning of territorial segregation by forcing black Africans to live in reserves and making it illegal for them to work as sharecroppers.†(History) For nearly 35 years, the power of the segregation grewRead MoreSegregation Laws in South Africa709 Words   |  3 Pagesoutlaw it. Also this law allowed the government to ban the right to public assembly. [1] In Nelson Mandela, the African National Congress found a man with great political potential experience and a leader that could unite an entire nation against segregation and discrimination. Mandela had political influence since his childhood. He was born in the small village of Mvezo. His father was the leader of this town. From his father Mandela learned a lot about political leadership. [4] Mandela was the firstRead MoreThe Segregation Of South Afric An Outcome Of Colonialism, Segregation And Apartheid2334 Words   |  10 PagesThe existing pattern of manipulated schooling in South Africa can be considered an outcome of colonialism, segregation and apartheid. In the early 1800s, the arrival of the British introduced the first system of education in Africa. The indigenous people of Africa were exposed to schooling under the provision of British missionaries. At this time, education was a means of spreading the British language, imposing their religion and just a general mechanism for social control. Their strategy was toRead MoreRacial Segregation in The Bahamas and in South Africa2403 Words   |  10 Pages A dramatic turn of a century for Black Bahamians and Black South Africans. There are many challenges that led to this dramatic turn as both societies underwent similar hardships. Both countries were under the yoke of colonized foreign systems where they were govern ed: the Bahamas under the British system and Africa under the English and Dutch. Similarly, both were dominated and suppressed by the white minority who ensured that the black majority remained in bondage. â€Å"History punishes those whoRead MoreRacial Segregation And The National Party Of South Africa2978 Words   |  12 Pages1948, â€Å"A policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race†, was in full effect (Apartheid History). The National Party of South Africa founded in 1914, which consisted of white Afrikaners, gained full political power (Apartheid History). With their white supremacy and pro-apartheid views, they strictly enforced new and existing policies of racial segregation. The Institutionalized concepts of racial discrimination called for any non-white South African to be subject to policiesRead MoreNelson Mandela s Eradication Of The Apartheid1327 Words   |  6 Pageshis legacy remains not just in South Africa but the entire world . Nelson Mandela participated in the eradication of the apartheid, and in 1994 became South Africa’s first black president. Mandela and many other black South Africans worked hard to end the unjust segregation in South Africa, and they were successful in destroying the wicked apartheid system. Over 20 years after the eradication of the apartheid, is South Africa completely free of the past segregation and social problems it faced beforeRead MoreThe Hard Times of Blacks in the South in the 1940s624 Words   |  3 PagesTimes Of Blacks In The South In The 1940’s Racism was a big issue in the south in the 1940’s. Racism was a major issue in the south back then because of all kind of reasons for example the KKK, and the laws that would make the blacks inferior to the whites in the southern society. The author Richard Wright wrote the book Black Boy about his own childhood. Richard Wright’s writing was influenced by his experiences with racism, Jim Crow laws, and segregation in the south in the early 1940’s. Read MoreThe Strange Career Of Jim Crow By C. Vann Woodward907 Words   |  4 PagesThis history is very strange and to be able to have a better understanding of why race is still an issue today, because of this book it helps to know how racism, segregation, and civil rights changed over time. Woodward thesis on his book is that the Jim Crow laws and the segregation of the races was a more recent development in the south than was previously thought and were not always that way but changed over time being put into place during the 1890’s.Furthermore, he thinks that if southern historyRead MoreFor the Good of South Africa in Theophilus Msimangus Cry, the Beloved Country 1657 Words   |  7 Pagespowerful quote spoken by Msimangu which reflects among his character throughout the book. Msimangu hoped for people living in South Africa to forget race and to instead think of what would best help the country. Although South Africa has been on a rocky path, they do seem to have taken a turn on the right path, on the path to racial equality for all. Unfortunately, South Africa has not fully met Msimangus ideas on which people of all races work together solely to help for the good of the country

Emerson and Individualism Free Essays

Why do some humans succumb to peer pressure and so desperately want to be a part of the popular crowd? Clearly, those who apply such behavior to their daily lives lose their sense of self-being and mold to the ideas, behaviors, and opinions of the masses. Although some people still conform, a large movement towards the Individual has begun to make an appearance. The successful beings of our society appear to think for themselves as well as participate in their own beliefs. We will write a custom essay sample on Emerson and Individualism or any similar topic only for you Order Now This tribute of our modern society today reflects the philosophy of Emerson: individualism. We decide our own fate based on our individual actions and decisions. By not conforming to the Ideas of others. Each person can reach their fullest potential happiness and contribute to society at a higher level. At one point in my high school career, I did anything and everything to fit In with the â€Å"popular† girls of my class. Every day, I worried that they would not like my outfit or that I would say something stupid. I constantly felt as If I were walking in a room full of broken glass, trying to avoid sharp shards with every step I took. It was not until this year that I realized what a folly I had participated in these last two years when a group of girls at my lunch table said nasty things about one of their friends when she left the table. At this point on, I decided I would find new friends. I didn’t choose friends In any particular formed group, only those who I enjoyed spending time around. This action granted me the power to be an individual. I fear no judgment of my beliefs nor my opinions and when I participate In any event, gossip, or beliefs, they are on my own accord, not to impress anyone, but to fulfill my peppiness of which I can only fulfill by being myself, an Individual. Another place to be an individual today is In one’s college applications. Upon visiting Princeton and several other schools of highly sought after education. I came home with the knowledge that the admission offices at these schools want to see a personality of each Individual and see this personality reflected in one’s activity choices throughout one’s high school career. When applying too highly ranked school, it is necessary in today’s day and age to incorporate individualism Into one’s fife so one can stand out in their applications and have success in admittance so one can pursue the lifestyle of one’s beliefs and hopes and use the education received to contribute what one Is capable of to society. Lastly, the interests and choice of daily actions of one’s life creates an individual. In centuries past, one who found Interest and had knowledge on topics unknown to all were shunned. Today, people seek out uncommon hobbies and interests to lead a more Interesting life than their friends, their coworkers, or next-door neighbors. Some choose to skydive while others dive into a world of romantic historic foreign films. I myself find a great Interest In the cultural histories of other nations as well as 1 OFF a love tort unusual toots such as sushi , liver pate, and escargot. Each person who can call one’s self an individual today has interests and participates in activities that define who he or she is. Emerson philosophy that focused upon the individual is present in our modern world. Many people have come to adopt this philosophy and apply it to their lifestyles. No longer does the common opinion influence and affect a majority of the masses. Will the increase in the use of technology lead to the loss of individualism in the future years to come? How to cite Emerson and Individualism, Papers

Horrible Greed Essay Example For Students

Horrible Greed Essay A theme that always has been popular, specially among young people, is terror or the horror stories, there are many books, movies, TV shows, comics, and so on, but the most expressive, and imaginative, is literature. Literature since a long time ago, has produced many kinds of horror stories, novels, tales, short stories, plays, even poems, all of them with very different themes such as vampires, ghosts, leprecons, evil and estrange creatures. A characteristics of this themes is the fight between evil and good, the evil forces managed by the Devil against Gods forces, but in some stories the Devil has no opponents, so he makes all he wants. One story of that kind is the Devil and Tom Walker ,wrote down by Irving Washington , in a time when religion and moral values were very important for people. Is about those values that the story talks about, a greedy man that can sell his soul for a gold coin, and only thinks in himself, theres no fight between Evil and Good, is a story about greed, and how it destroys our humanity. Humanity, in this case, means all moral, cultural, and spiritual values of human race, that means the things that make us different from animals,but we always destroy our humanity , sometimes we behave worse than animals, fighting for a simple piece of paper. This behaviour is called greed, considered as a capital sin, greed has its origins since human kind , some people say the Devil, created the conception of property and money. Greed is older than man, we can say we created it, and now is out of control, mainly because of human nature, a very independent being, that makes what he wants. These elements converge in the story we mentioned, The Devil and Tom Walker in it the author shows the power of the Devil and greed. The story takes place in a small town in the 1720s, in those times religion was very influent, and the need of money was too. That atmosphere is the perfect setting for a story about Devils and his powers over man, Devil was considered ,and still is, the author of all bad things, illness, sin, greed and so on. What Irving wanted, was to relate a story about the devil, but no as a protagonist, the main character is human kind represented by Tom Walker. This representation is quite exaggerated , but it reflects exactly our nature. Human nature isnt easy to explain, but its possible to remark on some aspects, that the author exposes in his work. The first point is the beginning of the story, it talks about the relationship between Devil and money, and how he keeps it for his cheats. According to the story the Devil keeps a treasure waiting for his next victim, in this case the Devil more than a protagonist is a symbol, the symbol of the other side of us, our deepest feelings and thoughts , that thing that make us do thinks against social, and religious rules, the devil is only one excuse for our behaviour. He make us lie, steal, and awakes our wishes when their are stronger than our integrity. Lets clarify this point, the Devil is the symbol that represents all the negative thing in human life, so he will always try to takes us to his side, throw us into our own hell. A place created by ourselves, with our actions. Next theres another interesting point in Washingtons story, the fact that the main character , Tom Walker isnt a good man, moreover he is a vulgar, a man without feelings, and his only true love is money, even he is married he doesnt love his wife, his marriage is like a business association. .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660 , .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660 .postImageUrl , .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660 , .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660:hover , .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660:visited , .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660:active { border:0!important; } .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660:active , .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660 .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u542d818bcec90554c5d5b4d47ccdb660:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Federalism EssayTom has all society forbids, thats why he cant be seduced by devil, hes already a bad man, grew up by greed. With that kind of attitude, Irving tries to show the effects of greed, first greed makes us beings without feelings, and steal our dignity, to explain this point is necessary to refer at some passages of the story , the first one is when Tom sees a human skull when he was into a dark forest, next he saw a man of estrange appearance, it was the Devil, who told Tom about the treasure buried in the forest. Next when Toms wife knew that, she decide to go at the forest, face the Devil, and ask for the treasure. This only proves , that greed is so powerful, that makes a man or a woman, people without fear or common sense, the need of money, can change a coward into the bravest man on earth. Greed also steal our feelings, in the story Toms wife went to look for the Devil, but she didnt comeback, after a time Tom decided go to the forest, and look for his wife, no because he loved, the true reason was that he wanted to recover the things, his wife picked up for her travel, next Tom discovered his wife was death, but he wasnt sad by the loose of his possessions, he consoled himself with the death of his wife. A clear example of how greed steals our feelings, we appreciate more material things than our family, we can live with the death of a familiar, but if we loose material things our lives are empty and sad. Another point is the Toms wife death, symbolised by the crows, animals related with death since a long time, she was looking for money, but she only found her own death, greed and die are so related, that one is consequence of the other, history refuses that, there are many wars, and homicides as a result of greed, hungry of richness. A hungry that will make you kill or been killed only for money. Next is the fact that greed generates greed, when Tom finally get the treasure, he became an usurer, a person who borrows money, without guaranties, but collects very high benefits. Tom become an usurer, and in that position he can earn more money, he borrows two cents and gets fifty, ruining the life of anybody in the need of easy money . Greed makes you want more and more, as richer you are as poorer you feel. You can be the richest man on earth, but its not enough you need more. Finally, the most common characteristic of greed, the hypocrisy . After a long time and when Tom realised he will die soon, he started to carry a pair of bibles and go to church, all this wishing cheat the Devil and save his poor condemned soul. But he didnt change at all, he still was an usurer, and a very greedy person. A greed person has no moral, so he can lie and be hypocrite because he lost his dignity, is a person that says one thing, and makes another . Poor Tom he thought that going to church could save his soul, but he was wrong, greed also will destroy you, and your wealth as Toms possessions will disappear into ashes. As a conclusion, we can say greed is a thing that has the power to make you brave, steal your feelings, make you an hypocrite, and finally burn your soul. All this things are exposed in Washingtons story, but no in a direct manner, the message is told through symbols, the dark forest, the crows, the vulture and Toms attitude. These symbols are easily understood , so the message is clear. What Washington made was some kind of story that wants to teach that greed is bad, and defeat it only can be done by ourselves, we are the only ones who will save our soul.

On June 5th, 1850 Pat Garrett Is Born In Chambers County, Alabama. One

On June 5th, 1850 Pat Garrett is born in Chambers County, Alabama. One of seven children, he was the son of John Lumpkin Garrett and Elizabeth Ann Jarvis Garrett. In 1873, John Garrett purchased a Louisiana plantation in Claiborne Parish. Pat went to school and grew up there. On January 25th, 1869 (after the civil war), Garrett leaves Louisiana to become a buffalo hunter in Texas. After the slaughter of buffaloes became unprofitable in 1878, Garrett settles down in Fort Sumner, New Mexico. On January 18th, 1880, he marries Apolinaria Gutierrez. The couple had 9 children. On July 19th, 1878 the Lincoln County, New Mexico, War draws to an end following the Five Days Battle at Lincoln. Henry McCarty, alias Kid Antrim, alias William H. Bonney, alias Billy the Kid is one of many outlaws still loose and running. While Pat Garrett likely knew Billy the Kid, saying they were friends is an overstatement. Neither had much in common, except both were experts with guns. (Garrett was not in the Lincoln County War.) On November 2nd, 1880, Pat Garrett, a Democrat, is elected sheriff of Lincoln County. He vows to bring the current reign of lawlessness to an end. On December 15th, 1880, New Mexico Governor Lew Wallace, through a newspaper notice, puts a $500 bounty on the head of Billy the Kid dead or alive (the equivalent in today's economy would be $10,000). Pat Garrett and his posse trap Billy the Kid and others in a one-room rock house at Stinking Springs, near Fort Sumner on December 20th-21st, 1880. The posse mistakenly kills Charlie Bowdre (one of Billy's most loyal friends). The Kid and the others surrender that afternoon. Garrett takes the shackled prisoners by buckboard into Las Vegas, where Garrett has to fight off a mob at the train station before he can move on to the state prison at Santa Fe. (The mob was after one of the prisoners, Dave Rudabaugh, who was wanted for numerous murders of that region.) On April 15th, 1881 at Mesilla, New Mexico, a judge turns the Kid over to Sheriff Pat Garrett, after a trial, and orders that he Kid be hanged in Lincoln on May 13. While Sheriff Pat Garrett is in White Oaks, N.M., Billy the Kid escapes the Lincoln jail on April 28th, after killing both his guards, James Bell and Bob Olinger. On July 13th or 14th, 1881, at midnight, Sheriff Pat Garrett shoots Billy the Kid dead at Fort Sumner, N.M., when the Kid walks into Pete Maxwell's darkened bedroom. Garrett was squatting alongside the mattress talking with Maxwell as the Kid entered. The Kid saw Garrett but did not recognize him due to the darkness and the fact that Garrett was sitting or stooped down. The Kid cocked his revolver and hoarsely whispered Quien es? (Who is it?). Garrett fires twice, one bullet striking the Kid squarely in the heart. The other shot goes wild. Some believe that the Kid only carried a knife into Maxwell's room. Others believe that Garrett shot the wrong man because of the darkness and The Kid lived to be 101 years old in Old Mexico. In 1882, a book is published entitled The Authentic Life of Billy the Kid, the Noted Desperado of the Southwest. Garrett's name is on the cover as author, but Ash Upson, a close friend, newspaperman, and notary, said he (Upson) wrote every word of it. The book sold poorly. Garrett runs for sheriff of newly created Chavez County, N.M in 1890. He is defeated and leaves New Mexico and lives in Uvalde Co., Texas for some time. Garrett purchases a ranch in the San Andres Mountains, N.M. in 1899. His family lives there while Pat works in Las Cruces, Mesilla and Dona Ana, N.M. On December 16th, 1901, President Theodore Roosevelt nominates Pat Garrett as United States customs collector at El Paso, Texas. He is a controversial appointment. In December 1905, President Roosevelt refuses to reappoint Pat Garrett as El Paso collector of customs on the border of Old Mexico. Garrett and his family return to their ranch in the San Andres Mountains. In January 1908, James P. Miller, a hired assassin now claiming he is a Mexican cattle buyer, offers to purchase the

Chem Lab Mixtures Essay Example

Chem Lab Mixtures Essay Example Chem Lab Mixtures Essay Chem Lab Mixtures Essay In this lab. a mixture of naphthalene ( C10H8 ) . common table salt ( NaCl ) . and sea sand ( SiO2 ) will be separated utilizing the separation techniques in order to show the belongingss of mixtures and their ability to be separated by physical agencies. Introduction: This lab was based on the separation of the constituents of a mixture. A mixture can be defined as a physical combination of two or more pure substances. Separation techniques are used to divide constituents that are non chemically combined. All of these techniques involve alterations in the physical province of a chemical compound instead than chemical alterations. The three aims in this lab were 1. Learn the different separation techniques which include ; sublimation. extraction. decantation. filtration and vaporization. 2. Separate three constituents in a mixture utilizing the separation techniques learned. 3. Determine the mass per centums of each of the three constituents present in a mixture. The 5 separation techniques are†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1 ) Sublimation: involves the warming of a solid that passes straight from the solid stage into the gaseous stage. The contrary procedure where a gas goes into the solid stage is called deposition or condensation. 2 ) Extraction: involves utilizing a dissolver that selectively dissolve one or more constituents from a solid mixture. 3 ) Decantation: involves the separation of a liquid from indissoluble solid deposit by carefully pouring the liquid from the solid without upseting the solid. 4 ) Filtration: involves dividing a solid from a liquid through the usage of a porous stuff such as filter paper. The porous stuff allows the liquid to go through through it but non the solid. 5 ) Vaporization: involves the procedure of heating a mixture in order to divide a volatile liquid in the signifier of a vapour. while the staying constituent prohibitionist. The mixtures that will be separated are naphthalene. common table salt. and sea sand. The separation of this mixture involves three stairss which are heating the mixture to sublimate the naphthalene. so fade outing the tabular array salt with H2O to pull out and vaporizing H2O to retrieve dry NaCl and sand. To find the per centum of each constituent in the mixture. this expression can be used. % component= gms of constituent isolated gms of initial sample Procedure: A. Preliminary Stairss 1. Obtain a clean. dry 150-mL beaker and weigh it to the nearest. 001g. 2. Obtain a sample of the mixture from your teacher and carefully reassign 2g of the mixture into the beaker. 3. Record the weight of the beaker with the mixture inside to nearest. 001g and cipher the exact weight of the mixture by minus. B. Sublimation of Naphthalene 1. Put up and make the sublimation in the goon. 2. Put an vaporizing dish with some ice on top of the beaker incorporating the mixture and topographic point the beaker on a wire gauze with an Fe ring and ring base assembly. 3. Carefully heat the beaker with a Bunsen burner until bluess appear in the beaker. A solid should roll up on the bottom of the vaporizing dish. Continue heating for 10 proceedingss. 4. After 10 proceedingss. take the Bunsen burner from under the beaker and so take the vaporizing disc from the beaker and roll up the solid by trashing it off the dish with a spatula onto a weighing paper. 5. Stir the contents of the beaker with a glass rod. Return the vaporizing disc to the beaker and use the heat once more. Continue heating and grating off solid until no more solid collects. 6. Weigh all the naphthalene collected and record it on the Report sheet to the nearest. 001g. 7. Let the beaker to chill and so weigh the beaker with the contain ed solid. Record the weight of the naphthalene sublimed by deducting the weight of the beaker with staying solid after sublimation from the weight of beaker 1 with original mixture. C. Separation of the Water Insoluble Solid 1. Add 25mL of distilled H2O to the solid in the beaker. Heat gently and splash continuously for 5 min. 2. Weigh a 2nd clean. dry 150-mL beaker with 2 or 3 boiling rocks to nearest. 001g and enter its mass onto the data sheet. 3. Assemble the setup for gravitation filtration as shown in Figure 3. 4 4. Fold a piece of filter paper harmonizing to the technique in Figure 3. 5. 5. Wet the filter paper with H2O and adjust the paper so that it lies level on the glass of the funnel. 6. Position beaker 2 under the funnel and pour the mixture through the filter. first pouring most of the liquid into beaker 2 and so reassigning the moisture solid into the funnel. Roll up all the liquid in beaker 2. 7. Rinse beaker 1 with 5-10-mL of H2O. pour over the residue in the funnel and add the liquid to the filtrate. *Repeat this measure one time more. 8. Topographic point beaker 2 on the wire gauze with an Fe ring and ring base and heat utilizing the Bunsen bu rner. As the volume of liquid is reduced. Na chloride will look. When the liquid is to the full evaporated. let the beaker to chill down. 9. Weigh the beaker. rocks. and the solid residue to the nearest. 001g. Calculate the weight of the recovered NaCl by minus. D. Drying the Sea Sand 1. Weigh a 3rd dry 150-mL beaker and reassign the sand from the filter paper to beaker 3. 2. Topographic point beaker 3 with the sea sand on the wire gauze with an Fe ring and ring base and heat the sand to dryness. When dried. the sand should be freely fluxing. 3. Let the sand to chill to room temperature. 4. Weigh the beaker and the sand to the nearest. 001g. 5. Calculate the weight of the recovered sand by minus. Consequences and Discussions: In this lab certain separation techniques were used and learned. When mensurating the different sums of the three constituents of the mixture. all measurings were based on important figures. Therefore. each certain digit plus one unsure figure was included in all measurings. First. the sublimation of naphthalene was done by heating the mixture. The original weight of the naphthalene collected was. 070g and after sublimation the weight of naphthalene was. 095g. Following. extraction was observed in separation of the H2O indissoluble solid. The NaCl was separated from the SiO2 because of the solubility of NaCl in H2O and the unsolvability of SiO2 in H2O. Solubility is the ability of a substance to fade out when in the presence of a certain dissolver. The NaCl was said to fade out go forthing merely the indissoluble sea sand in the beaker with the H2O. Filtration was besides observed in this experiment when the piece of filter paper was wetted and used for gravitation filtration. The Na Cl dissolved in the H2O. and by decantation. the procedure of dividing a liquid from a solid by gently pouring the liquid from the solid so as non to upset the solid. the NaCl solution was separated from the SiO2. Heating can do substances to vaporize. which represents a alteration in province. so the H2O was evaporated from the NaCl. which left behind the solid NaCl. The sum of NaCl in the experiment was measured to be 0. 822g. but the original sample with the weight of the beaker included really weighed 65. 001g. Then. the staying constituent of the mixture. SiO2. was measured to be. 927g once it had dried out. Originally the weight of the beaker and SiO2 was 67. 078g. The comparing between the mensural multitudes of the three different substances in the mixture and the existent multitudes of the constituents proved that the substances of mixtures are able to separated. yet still retain their chemical and physical belongingss. After the constituents of the original sample were successfully separated. their weights were added together. The mensural entire weight of the three separate constituents of the cured solids was 1. 844g. The per centum output and per centum of all the substances was found. The per centum output was found by spliting the mass of the cured solids by the mass of the mixture. so multiplying the reply by 100. The per centum output for this experiment was 88. 314 % . The make-up of that 88. 314 % is divided between naphthalene at 4. 550 % . NaCl at 39. 368 % . and sea sand at 44. 397 % . Beginnings of Mistake: Ideally. the entire per centum should hold been 100 % . because substances are neither created nor destroyed during these physical separation methods but due to minor mistakes such as wrong measurings. could hold caused this little divergence from the existent sum. One possible lab mistake that may hold affected this result is that some sum of naphthalene may hold been lost to the air. therefore ensuing in a lower deliberate mass. or because there was non adequate ice on top. It can besides be possible that accurate weighting measurings of the mixtures were non taken. Sample Calculations Weight of naphthalene after sublimation = ( weight of beaker 1 and mixture ) – ( weight of beaker 1 and solid after sublimation ) ( 68. 239 ) ( 68. 144 ) = . 095g Percentage yield= ( gms of solid recovered/grams of initial sample ) x 100 Percentage of naphthalene: ( 1. 844/2. 088 ) x100= 88. 314 % Decisions: The chief construct I learned that was being applied and studied in this lab was that mixtures can be separated into their constituents by physical agencies. The intent of the lab is to go familiar with the methods of dividing substances from one another utilizing decantation. extraction. and sublimation techniques. Mixtures occur in mundane life in stuffs that are non unvarying in composing. It is a combination of two or more substances. Mixtures are characterized by the fact that each of the substances in the mixture retains its chemical unity. and that mixtures are dissociable into these constituents by physical agencies. In this lab. the get downing point was a mixture of naphthalene. NaCl ( sodium chloride ) . and SiO2 ( sand ) . In the lab. it was determined that naphthalene can be sublimed from the mixture without holding an consequence on the other substances. It was besides realized that NaCl is H2O soluble. while SiO2 is non H2O soluble. Since the SiO2 is non H2O soluble. is would stay after the H2O with NaCl was decanted.

The Hun-Driven Barbarian Invaders of the Roman Empire

The Hun-Driven Barbarian Invaders of the Roman Empire The Mongol Great Khan Genghis ancient precursor, Attila,  was the devastating fifth-century Hun warrior  who terrified all in his path, before dying suddenly, under mysterious circumstances, on his wedding night, in 453. We know only limited, specific details about his people, the Huns- armed, mounted archers, illiterate, nomadic Steppe people from Central Asia, perhaps of Turkic rather than Mongolian origin and responsible for the collapse of Asian empires. We do know, however, that their actions induced waves of migrations into Roman territory. Later, the recent immigrants, including Huns, fought on the Roman side against other movements of people considered- by the proud Romans- barbarian invaders. [T]he status quo of the period was disturbed not only by their direct action but even more by their being instrumental in setting into motion the great upheaval of peoples commonly known as the Và ¶lkerwanderung.~ The Hun Period, by Denis Sinor; The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia 1990 The Huns, who appeared on the borders of eastern Europe, after A.D. 350, continued to migrate in a generally westward direction, pushing the peoples they encountered further west into the path of Roman citizens. Some of these, mainly Germanic, tribes eventually set out from Europe into northern Roman-controlled Africa. The Goths and Huns Agriculturist Goths from the lower Vistula (the longest river in modern Poland) began attacking areas of the Roman Empire in the third century, attacking along the Black Sea and Aegean regions, including northern Greece. The Romans settled them in Dacia where they stayed until the Huns pushed them. Tribes of Goths, the Tervingi (at the time, under Athanaric) and Greuthungi, asked for help in 376 and settled. Then they moved further into Roman territory, attacked Greece, defeated Valens at the Battle of Adrianople, in 378. In 382 a treaty with them put them inland in Thrace and Dacia, but the treaty ended with the death of Theodosius (395). Emperor Arcadius offered them territory in 397 and may have extended a military post to Alaric. Soon they were on the move again, into the western empire. After they sacked Rome in 410, they moved over the Alps into Southwest Gaul and became foederati in Aquitaine. The sixth-century historian Jordanes relates an early connection between the Huns and Goths, a story that Gothic witches producing the Huns: XXIV (121) But after a short space of time, as Orosius relates, the race of the Huns, fiercer than ferocity itself, flamed forth against the Goths. We learn from old traditions that their origin was as follows: Filimer, king of the Goths, son of Gadaric the Great, who was the fifth in succession to hold the rule of the Getae after their departure from the island of Scandza,and who, as we have said, entered the land of Scythia with his tribe,found among his people certain witches, whom he called in his native tongue Haliurunnae. Suspecting these women, he expelled them from the midst of his race and compelled them to wander in solitary exile afar from his army. (122) There the unclean spirits, who beheld them as they wandered through the wilderness, bestowed their embraces upon them and begat this savage race, which dwelt at first in the swamps,a stunted, foul and puny tribe, scarcely human, and having no language save one which bore but slight resemblance to human speech. Such was th e descent of the Huns who came to the country of the Goths.Jordanes The Origin and Deeds of the Goths, translated by Charles C. Mierow Vandals, Alans, and Sueves Alans were Sarmatian pastoral nomads; the Vandals and Sueves (Suevi or Suebes), Germanic. They were allies from around 400. Huns attacked the Vandals in the 370s. The Vandals and company crossed the icy Rhine at Mainz into Gaul, on the last night of 406, reaching an area that the Roman government had largely abandoned. Later, they pushed on across the Pyrenees into Spain where they drove out Roman landowners in the south and west. The allies divided the territory, supposedly by lot, initially so that Baetica (including Cadiz and Cordoba) went to a branch of the Vandals known as Siling; Lusitania and Cathaginiensis, to the Alans; Gallaecia, to the Suevi and Adsing Vandals. In 429 they crossed the Straits of Gibraltar into northern Africa where they took St. Augustines city of Hippo and Carthage, which they established as their capital. By 477 they also had the Balearic Islands, and the islands of Sicily, Corsica, and Sardinia. The Burgundians and Franks The Burgundians were another Germanic group probably living along the Vistula and part of the group whom the Huns drove across the Rhine at the end of 406. In 436, at Worms, they almost came to an end, at Roman and Hunnish hands, but some survived. Under the Roman general Aetius, they became Roman hospites, in Savoy, in 443. Their descendants still live in the Rhà ´ne Valley. These Germanic people lived along the lower and middle Rhine by the third century. They made forays into Roman territory in Gaul and Spain, without the incentive of the Huns, but later, when the Huns invaded Gaul in 451, they joined forces with the Romans to repel the invaders. The famous Merovingian king Clovis was a Frank. Sources Ancient Rome - William E. Dunstan 2010.The Early Germans, by Malcolm Todd; John Wiley Sons, Feb 4, 2009Wood, I. N. The barbarian invasions and first settlements. Cambridge Ancient History: The Late Empire, A.D. 337-425. Eds. Averil Cameron and Peter Garnsey. Cambridge University Press, 1998.Huns, Vandals, by Matthew Bennett. The Oxford Companion to Military History, Edited by Richard Holmes; Oxford University Press: 2001The Huns and the End of the Roman Empire in Western Europe, by Peter Heather; The English Historical Review, Vol. 110, No. 435 (Feb. 1995), pp. 4-41.On Foederati, Hospitalitas, and the Settlement of the Goths in A.D. 418, by Hagith Sivan: The American Journal of Philology, Vol. 108, No. 4 (Winter, 1987), pp. 759-772The Settlement of the Barbarians in Southern Gaul, by E. A. Thompson; The Journal of Roman Studies, Vol. 46, Parts 1 and 2 (1956), pp. 65-75 * See: Archaeology And The Arian Controversy in the Fourth Century, by David M. Gwynn, in Religious Diversity in Late Antiquity, edited by David M. Gwynn, Susanne Bangert, and Luke Lavan; Brill Academic Publishers. Leiden; Boston: Brill 2010

South Korea's Environmental Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

South Korea's Environmental Analysis - Essay Example There exist tight knitted system between the government and businesses in the labor market with the government ensuring that the laws and regulations on getting business startup licenses and procedures take the shortest time possible. This is carried out in order to continue increasing the labor market and completely eliminate the low unemployment rate still remaining in the nation. The only problem that the free market system has is that with the lack of strict market control by the government, corruption has been on the increase as people try to control the markets and monopolize it and especially the local market where the government does not bother much with. The corruption has rendered small and medium sized business had to flourish and succeed as the larger established businesses take up the larger share in the foreign investment and use their market stability to expand their wealth and sophistication making it hard to compete successfully (Mo & Brady, 2010). South Korea due to its establishment in the global market and economic success has it small and medium sized companies facing several entry and exit barriers. Some of these barriers include reputation, price discrimination, capital costs and organizational advantage among others (Mo & Brady, 2010). With some of these companies having established themselves in the industry, the startup companies face a very high capital cost just so that they can be able to establish themselves even if not match to the same level in assets and competition. The high capital costs requires heavy borrowing from banks and this leads to the company starting on a high debt percentage and this affects its sustainability in the industry. Even if it wants to exit the market, the debts and other overhead charges will be too much for it leading it bankrupt. With the large established organizations in South Korea such as Samsung and LG, they have cemented their organizational cultures and

Essay Question Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Question - Essay Example This category comprised of 14% of the whole sample. The next category was ordinary users. This comprised a moderately 27% of the whole cluster analysis. The third category was the irregular users. The irregular user encompassed 14% of the total population sample. The largest category was thee basic users, who comprised an enormous 45%. In order to obtain this analysis, Chi-Square analysis method was used. This analysis showed important relationships between the various kinds of technology identified. The analysis also showed the various universities which the students attended. It also reveals the various genders of the students, their age, and their countries of origin. The last ten years has shown a lot of development in the type of technology that is being employed today. The technology skills have improved greatly. Students have changed their preferences and their experience is biased towards the direction of technology. The result in the next few years will be that all the students will be â€Å"digital natives.† These students will have homogenous group characteristics that require a wide range of experience and improved skills in in using information and communication technology. In recent years, there has been an empirical research that has been conducted by other different researchers concerning the Net Generation students. This research reveals an increasing level of technology that is being adopted and used. However, the findings are below those predicted by the Net Generations or the digital natives’ rhetoric. The researches shows a large number of students often use an established technology. For example emails and web browsing. However, there is only a few of this students sub-groups who used more advanced or a recent technology and tools. While classifying the various groups in a broader manner, another researcher found out that 31% of all the American adults were elite technology users while 20% were mid-level

Texas Lottery and Education Funding Essay Example for Free

Texas Lottery and Education Funding Essay Texans believe that participating in the Texas Lottery helps the Texas Education Foundation but little do they know; how much money actually goes to the Texas Education Foundation. The effect of the Texas Lottery is causing more of a negative impact on Texans than the Education Foundation is benefiting. The Texas Lottery negatively impacts the people that play the lottery and the programs that are supposed to benefit from the proceeds. Because of the big dream of winning, the lottery has taken a toll on Texans. â€Å"People believe that the Texas Lottery is their only chance to strike it rich† (Buckland, 2010). There is not near enough money going towards the Texas Education Foundation. When the lottery first started, the Texas Education Foundation was promised to benefit much more than they are now. Since 1996, the money raised for the Texas Education Foundation paid for two weeks of schooling but today it has plummeted greatly to only paying close to three days of schooling (Dexheimer, 2010). The outcome of the lottery is not what was projected. The current cash flow does not match the projections for the education fund as when the lottery was first initiated. â€Å"Last year, the lottery sold nearly $700 million more tickets than in 1998 – and gave schools $160 million less† (Dexheimer, 2010). The Texas Lottery is negatively impacting the poor and uneducated population. The Texas Lottery demographic studies provide contradictory information concerning the games and the profits benefiting the Texas Education Foundation, and prey on the poor (Turner, 2012). Statistics show the difference in average money gambled between the educated and uneducated population. â€Å"College graduates spent a median ten dollars a month; those without high school diplomas, $25† (Turner, 2012). This research proves the negative social impact of the Texas Lottery. â€Å"In one of the most depressing, ever perpetuating social economic trends, new research from the Journal of Risk and Uncertainty shows that poor people continue to spend about nine percent of their annual income on lottery tickets† (Buckland, 2010). Texans believe that the Lottery is benefiting the Education Foundation but in reality the Texas Education Foundation is not receiving their fair share of proceeds. Therefore, the Texas Lottery advertisement has been misleading to the public. In a nut shell, the Texas Lottery is not delivering the benefits that were promised for Texans. According to the Texas Lottery in 1992, approximately 27 cents of every dollar the organization earned went to support Texas Education, but then in 1997, the Texas Legislature stepped in and made a difference by dedicating Texas Lottery Funds to the Texas Foundation School Fund and the Texas Lottery funded 13 billion dollars just within that year of change. (Hood,2011). History In 1991, before the lottery was approved by Governor Ann Richards in a televised address, she told voters that they had to choose between a huge tax bill or the lottery, if they wanted good schools. Then The Robin Hood Plan was proposed in 1993. This plan was endorsed by the State to offer court mandated fair school funding for the schools in district. Similar to the tale of Robin Hood, the law collected property tax money from wealthy schools and redistributed the funding to poor schools attempting to balance all school districts in Texas. This plan ended up falling through because the Texas Supreme Court found that the majority of school districts were being taxed the maximum rate, which the Texas Constitution prohibits.(Heines and Tinsley, 1997). In 1997, the lottery funds were placed in a general fund that was distributed to public education, health, public safety and human services. â€Å"There is no question that the Texas Lottery is the most successful state lottery in the co untry and is contributing more than a billion dollars a year to state coffers† (Heines Tinsley 1997). This was the year where the State Representative Richard Raymond and D Benavides law makers believed that the lottery funds should be dedicated to education. Texans voted for a constitutional amendment that allowed funds of the lottery to be dedicated to education funding. But the Texas Legislature examined Lottery funds of other states including California and Florida who had dedicated lottery money to the education and discovered that these states had less money for education. Critics from this era believed that states without lotteries collected fewer taxes than the states with lotteries. (Heines Tinsley 1997). In 2009, a great amount of the stimulus funds were designated for education spending. The 91 billion dollars that was supported by this fund did not cover the total federal spending on education of the years 2008 to 2009 which summed up to be 667 billion dollars. An estimation of 570 billion dollars was not supported by the total education bill of federal spending. It costs an estimated 35 billion dollars to cover kindergarten through twelfth grade on a yearly basis. (Voice,2011). â€Å"Texas law says lottery proceeds are supposed to go toward education† (Oberg 2011). The lottery has only given one billion dollars every year to Texas Schools since 1998, but since lottery sales have become greater, the lottery has not been giving more money to the Texas schools. Even with the lottery earnings increasing the amount of money applied towards the Education Fund has not shown the difference of cash increase. One of the reasons why education is not benefiting is because the Lottery Managers are making the jackpots too large. So much so it is more than they can manage to afford. Sixty-two percent of money raised by the Lottery pays for the winners’ prizes. They also have to use ten percent of the money to run the lottery’s game and use more expenses to maintain the lottery program. After all of the money already mentioned is paid out, the little bit of money that is left is given to the Education Fund. (Work, 2011). In the years that the Texas Lottery has been contributing to the Education Fund, studies now show the truth on really how much is actually funding the schools. People can now be more informed on how the lottery distributes their funds and have an understanding of how much taxes public schools are being funded. With the Texas Lottery being in affect for many years it will never catch up to the economic growth of school finances. With each year school finances increases; the lottery should consider matching the percentage rate of education funding distributed from the lottery. If they cannot match the financial increases then the Texas Lottery should not be supported by Texans. As a result, The Texas Lottery has become a negative impact on the poor and uneducated and has not provided the dividends that were expected for all Texans. References Buckland, Jason. â€Å"How Lottery Tickets Ravage Low Income Families,† MSN MONEY, May 28, 2010. http://www.everydaymoney.ca/2010/05/how-lottery-tickets-ravage-lowincome-families.html Dexheimer, Eric. â€Å"A Different Game than State was Sold Two Decades Ago,† AMERICAN STATESMAN-STAFF, September 7, 2010. http://www.statesman.com/news/news/state-regional-govt-politics/texas-lottery-a-different-game-than-state-was-so-1/nRxZd/\ Heines, Vivienne and Tinsley, Anna M. â€Å" Most Texans think lottery is good way for state to raise money† Harte-Hanks Communications, February 24, 1997. http://www.texnews.com/texas97/texpoll022497.html Hood, Rebecca. â€Å"I Wonder: Texas Lottery and Education,† KVUE.COM, April 4, 2011. http://www.kvue.com/news/local/I-Wonder-Texas-Lottery-and-education-119036764.html Oberg, Ted. â€Å"How Much of your Lottery ticket is helping education† ABC 13 News, May 18, 2011. http://abclocal.go.com/ktrk/story?section=news/in_focusid=8136388 Turner, Allan. â€Å"Texas Lottery Proved Popular Last Year,† HOUSTON CHRONICLE, January 18, 2012. http://www.chron.com/news/texas-lottery/article/Texas-Lottery-proved-popular-last-year-2591258.php Voice â€Å"Getting Educated† The Daily Hurricane, March 28,2011. http://dailyhurricane.com/2011/03/gambling-with-our-chidrens-education-and-our-future.html Work, Ann. â€Å"Schools get $1 billion from lottery† Times Record News, April 28,2011 http://www.timesrecordnews.com/news/2011/apr/28/schools-get-1-billion-from-lottery/?print=1. Bibliography BUCKLAND, JASON. â€Å"How Lottery Tickets Ravage Low Income Families,† MSN MONEY, May 28, 2010. http://www.everydaymoney.ca. (11/19/2012). DEXHEIMER, ERIC. â€Å"A Different Game than State was Sold Two Decades Ago,† AMERICAN STATESMAN-STAFF, September 7, 2010. http//www.statesman.com. (11/19/2012). HEINES, VIVIENNE and TINSLEY M. ANNA. â€Å"Most Texans Think Lottery is Good Way for State to Raise Money† HARTE-HANKS COMMUNICATIONS, February 24,1997. http://www.texnews.com. (11/19/2012) HOOD, REBECCA. â€Å"I Wonder: Texas Lottery and Education,† KVUE.COM, April 4, 2011. http://www.kvue.com. (11/19/2012). OBERG,TED. â€Å"How Much of Your Lottery Ticket is Helping Education,† ABC 13 NEWS, May, 18, 2011. http://abclocal.go.com. (11/19/2012). TURNER, ALLAN. â€Å"Texas Lottery Proved Popular Last Year,† HOUSTON CHRONICLE, January 18, 2012. http://www.chron.com.(11/19/2012). VOICE. â€Å"Getting Educated,† THE DAILY HURRICANE, March 28,2011. http://dailyhurricane.com. (11/19/2012). WORK, ANN. â€Å"Schools Get $1 Billion from Lottery,† TIMES RECORD NEWS, April 28, 2011. http://www.timesrecordnews.com. (11/19/2012) Work Cited 1.Jason Buckland. â€Å"How Lottery Tickets Ravage Low Income Families,† MSN MONEY, May 28, 2010. 2. Eric Dexheimer. â€Å"A Different Game than State was Sold Two Decades Ago,† AMERICAN STATESMAN-STAFF, September 7, 2010. 3.Eric Dexheimer, Pg. 1. 4.Allan Turner. â€Å"Texas Lottery Proved Popular Last Year,† HOUSTON CHRONICLE, January 18, 2012. 5. Allan Turner, Pg. 1. 6. Jason Buckland. Pg.1. 7.Rebecca Hood. â€Å"I Wonder: Texas Lottery and Education,† KVUE.COM, April 4, 2011. 8. Vivienne Heines and Anna M. Tinsley â€Å" Most Texans Think Lottery is Good Way for State to Raise Money† HARTE-HANKS COMMUNICATIONS, February 24, 1997. 9. Voice â€Å"Getting Educated† THE DAILY HURRICANE, March 28,2011. 10. Vivienne Heines and Anna M. Tinsley, Pg. 1. 11. Voice, Pg. 1. 12. Ted Oberg â€Å"How Much of your Lottery ticket is helping education† ABC 13 News, May 18, 2011. 13. Ann Work â€Å"Schools get $1 billion from lottery† Times Record News, April 28,2011.

Comparing Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X grew up in different environments. King was raised in a comfortable middle-class family where education was stressed. On the other hand, Malcolm X came from and underprivileged home. He was a self-taught man who received little schooling and rose to greatness on his own intelligence and determination. Martin Luther King was born into a family whose name in Atlanta was well established. Despite segregation, Martin Luther King's parents ensured that their child was secure and happy. Malcolm X was born on May 19, 1925 and was raised in a completely different atmosphere than King, an atmosphere of fear and anger where the seeds of bitterness were planted. The burning of his house by the Klu Klux Klan resulted in the murder of his father. His mother later suffered a nervous breakdown and his family was split up. He was haunted by this early nightmare for most of his life. From then on, he was driven by hatred and a desire for revenge. The early backgrounds of Malcolm X and Martin Luther King were largely responsible for the distinct different responses to American racism. Both men ultimately became towering icons of contemporary African-American culture and had a great influence on black Americans. However, King had a more positive attitude than Malcolm X, believing that through peaceful demonstrations and arguments, blacks will be able to someday achieve full equality with whites. Malcolm X's despair about life was reflected in his angry, pessimistic belief that e quality is impossible because whites have no moral conscience. King basically adopted on an integrationalist philosophy, whereby he felt that blacks and whites should be united and live together in peace. Malcolm X, however, promoted nationalist and separatist doctrines. For most of his life, he believed that only through revolution and force could blacks attain their rightful place in society. Both X and King spread their message through powerful, hard-hitting speeches. Nevertheless, their intentions were delivered in different styles and purposes. "King was basically a peaceful leader who urged non-violence to his followers. He travelled about the country giving speeches that inspired black and white listeners to work together for racial harmony." (pg. 135, Martin Luther King Jr. and the Freedom Movement) Malcolm X, for the most part, believed that non-violence and integration was a trick by the whites to keep blacks in their places. He was furious at white racism and encouraged h is followers through his speeches to rise up and protest against their white enemies.

Market Segment

What is the market segments targeted? Market segment targeted that the company create the different marketing campaign that will satisfy to the different customer’s need. Therefore, business should be flexible with their service or product for keeping changing their product to match with the customer’s need. So the market segmentation will be able to build the loyalty relationship that will motivate the customer to buy the product or service again. According to the video case, Marriott Corporation International offers the program called â€Å"Marriott First Choice†.This program will create the service program that match with different customer’s need with the best quality and value value. For example, the business traveler can choose to stay any hotels in Marriott brand . Moreover, the program provides the special offer to the business traveler to change and negotiate some hotel service to satisfy the customer. 2. What marketing research was used? Marketin g research was studied to understand the customer’s need to create the best product or service.According to the video, the marketing research of Marriott will able to match with the Dow chemical’s need which are about focus group, quantitative survey, hotel spending analysis and hotel directory analysis. The marketing research customizes the service program of Marriott. This program can help the seller to find the right program or marketing campaign. This program satisfy the need of business traveler especially the specially service of Marriott to provide for Dow chemical’s employee which are evaluate the result of marketing research. . What product line development initiatives were launched? According to the video case, Marriott developed four-product line that was able to fit into the different business traveler’s need.â€Å"Marriott Quality Hotel† has launched the brand to target the business travelers who consider about the quality of service. The hotel will provide the high quality of service and use the new technology. â€Å"Courtyard† brand has launched to business travelers target who willing to pay moderate market price for their hotel or a price sensitive. Courtyard† product line will have business rooms that provide to the business people for business travelers. The facilities in the room will create the business environment. â€Å"Resident Inn† brand has launched to target the business travelers who really stay in the hotel for many nights.â€Å"Resident Inn† product line will offer many services to satisfy the customer. Finally, â€Å"Fairfield† brand has launched to target the business travelers who don’t really focus on the luxury brand or service but they are willing to stay in the clean hotel and convenience for them. Fairfield† product line also will provide the fast service to customer in the lower price. 4. What role did personal selling play in the go-to-mark et strategy? Personal selling is the important role in the go-to-market strategy because they promote the product or service. Personal selling also creates the long-term relationship between the buyer and seller. Moreover, the company also uses the personal selling to complete with the competitor as the competitive advantage. Moreover, the personal selling should understand the customer’s need and provide the good customer satisfaction.

What is British Cinema?

British cinema is the most respected industry in the world and has the impact on modern cinema. This industry is characterized by its constant debate about its distinctiveness which includes cultural and economic issues and the influence of American and European cinemas. The golden age of British cinema started in 1940 from the studios of Rank and Korda. This industry had given many actors, directors and many motion pictures (Curran and Porter, 1993). This paper covers certain aspects of British cinema industry and discusses two movies of the Drama genre released in 2009 and 2010.Both the movie is based on young generation that shows full of inspiration and enthusiasm for a particular dance form. The movies have been targeted to the youth and did good business. The movies also provided a good presentation of the present day’s culture in terms of settings, food, and clothing of characters, family types, issues faced by children in home and schools and others. These teenagers pr esented in this movie represent a different class of children altogether that have so much passion for their favorite art forms.In the recent past there have been lost of development in various forms of arts from music to dancing. Number of British, American, and Australian, Italian and many other singers and musicians are rocking the world with their music and the increased fan followings for these artists have increased. Teenagers are particularly inspired by them. The glamour of these arm forms attract millions to watch and perform. Discussion British cinema had faced the times of recession and boom. There are many factors which can be used to know the growth of this film industry.The growth can also be known by the number of movies produced. This cinema industry was boomed first time in 1910 but they again seen recession in 1920 just due to the competition with the US. The protective measures, which lead to the recovery and for the high production, Cinematograph Films Act 1927 h as been launched in 1936 Curran and Porter, 1993. As British cinema was just got recovered from the first waves of recession, it was hit by other recession waves in mid of 1970. This continued till 1980’s. Due to renewal of private and public investment, British cinema again got recovered in 1990’s.There were some movies produced during recession like Chariots of Fire (1981), which was the successful movie. Like this movie they have released many other movies and they were successful too. British industries have also launched the better technologies to edit the movie and now the movies are releasing in better picture quality. The movies have got worldwide success and these movies earn much higher as they have good picture quality, sound and the storyline like historical, cultural and artistic dimensions. These movies are also well known due to the educational behavior as these movies have some moral into it (Murphy, 2009).Many movies were produced in 2000’s but there were some movies which were highly appreciated by the viewers. Two of the movies are Fish Tank (2009) and Nowhere Boy (2009), which are from the same genre (drama) but the movies are based on the lives of teenage. Movie 1: Fish Tank (2009) Fish Tank is the movie which is based on the life of a teenage girl who got influenced by the street dancers and describes their dancing as being horrible. In this movie, Mia who is just 15 years old girl and living with her mother and sister on Essex Council Estate.She never go out of her estate as she was secured in her house because as she move out, the authorities starts troubling her and that’s why she had left her schooling. She just drinks cider most of the times, in her house. She only came out of her house when she does the street dancing otherwise she remain in her lonely flat and practice inside the house only. Once when she was roaming around in her estate, she saw a horse which was trying to get free but the horse was una ble to get free. She found it painful and brought the hammer to help the horse but she faced the anger of its three owners.Two of the owners have grabbed her to stop her but she get away from them after struggling with them. She got free just because of the dog of Mr. Billy, the third owner of the horse and explained everything to Mia. He told her that the horse is not thin but it is ill and it is in its last stage. After this meet they both have became friends. Connor, Mia’s mother’s boyfriend, while preparing the tea in the kitchen, interacted with Mia regarding the music video that Mia was watching. Connor works as the security guard in the hardware store and wanted to be a father figure for the two children.Connor always carries Mia to her room and also removes shoes and put blanket on her. Mia’s mother, Joanne, was enthusiastic as when she asked for the trip, both of the girls got ready to attend her mother and Tyler had shown much interest. When they were on trip, Connor asked about the animal and played the songs of California Dreaming. Mia always tried to impress Connor as when he was catching fish she helped him and also when her mother got hurt in the river, Connor avoided Joanne to give a piggy-back ride to Mia.Mia was slowly attracting towards Connor and she was having some thought in her mind related to Connor. She reacts angrily with the Connor and due to which Connor came to know that she is the witness of the intercourse between him and Mia’s mother. Connor borrowed the camera and gave that to Mia as she wants to go for the auditions of the local dance. In between that time Mia came across the social worker who was introduced by her mother to restart her schooling which she had left. But Mia refused to go and had a drink from kitchen and went out of house.She had seen the video on street dancing on YouTube and took the help of Billy to search the car parts to buy the alcohol for her self. After she sent her video, sh e received the call for the audition. When they were celebrating by having the drink, Connor asked Mia to show her dance steps. She performed on California dreaming and was asked by Connor to sit along with him. As Joanne went upstairs, Connor and Mia had sex and then he was embarrassed by the thing he had done with Mia. So he told her not to reveal the secret to Joanne.The very next day she came to know from her mother and Tyler that Connor had left and Mia knows the place where she can find Connor. Mia found him in his house in Tilbury and talked with him so he told her that he is unable to go back again to her mother which directly indicates that he doesn’t even want to meet Mia again. She didn’t made any issue of the age difference but Connor given her money before the goodbye kissing and left her to the station to get herself back home. She wasn’t ready to back her home but she again reached to the Connor’s home from the back window and entered into it as she found it empty.In Connor’s house, she came to know that Connor is married and also he’s having the daughter named, Keira and she had a call of nature over there on the floor. Mia then came out of the house and made a move but she have seen Keira playing on her scooter, also she convinced Keira to set off across the field along with her that she’ll give her an ice-cream as told by the Keira’s mother to Mia. Keira started kicking Mia as they were running through the field and approaching towards river. As Keira became upset, then she started troubling Mia, and as Mia got frustrated, she pushed her and Keira fallen down into the river.Then Mia saved Keira with the help of the Branch of the tree otherwise Keira might have drawn completely. After saving Keira, they both returned back towards the home as the Keira was wet and feeling cold too. Then in between their way to home, Connor arrived and slapped Mia and pushes back her. He then took Keira and drive back towards the home. Many days have been passed and then Mia came to the audition for which she had been called and seen the exotic dancer performing. Her turn came and she came on stage and music started.Then she had seen the fellow semi-nude auditionees and she walked off from the stage and went out to find Billy. She came to know that the horse which she cared for was dead and started weeping. Then Billy came and tried to stop her weeping and ask her to accompany him as he was leaving for Cardiff. Mia got ready and packed her bags and after having a dance with her mother and sister on the song â€Å"Life is a Bitch and then you die†, she went off. While she was leaving her mother didn’t reacted as she said good bye and then she sat with Billy and drive away for the new life.The movie is full of drama and sequence of events that keeps the interest of audiences. Mia in the Fish Tank is struggling with her own emotions, desires and issues of morality. The clim ax of the movie is a mixer of the feelings where in one hand she leaves the audition that was for erotic dancer, her favourite horse dies and she decides to move ahead to explore better opportunity and before that she enjoys with her family. Movie 2 Another movie which was also based on the same genre was â€Å"Nowhere Boy†. In this movie a teenage boy, Johnson, got success just because of his aunt and uncle.His aunt, Mimi, who is loving, inspirational and reserved kind of woman while her husband, George, is companion for the lively and intelligent boy. John was overwhelmed, when her uncle died due to cancer. During the funeral, John met his cousin Stan who showed him the place where his mother lives and was shocked that the house is nearby to his aunt’s and there he met Julia. Julia was fun loving girl whereas her aunt was strict. Julia’s clothes and her hair have the matching which work as the attraction for John towards Julia. The relationship became deeper b etween Julia and John which was unfair to Mimi.Julia teaches John to play Banjo and also introduced him to â€Å"Rock n Roll†. Mimi unknowingly bought a guitar for John and due to which he failed to improve in the school and was suspended. Then he moved along with Julia to her home where he met with Bobby. In that night he heard Julia and Bobby’s conversation with which he recognized that Julia is soft hearted and next day she again moved back to her aunt’s house. Then he met with the young guitarist who just looks like a twelve years old kid but he can play the guitar better than any other band.They started the rehearsals together and the band also started creating buzz. Soon he started getting fame and he enjoyed that. Then on Julia’s birthday, he met her after a long time span and found out the truth that why he got irritated in his life. And after that his life started moving smoothly and he got success to every point. The movie shows the struggle of the teenager to deal with the past and move ahead with life. The events and the presentation of events have been very impressive in entire movie.In both the movies, the main aspect was to show the life of the teenage girl and a boy that how the society deals with. In Fish Tank, Mia was the girl who got admired by the street dancers who were performing and in Nowhere Boy also, John got admired from the guitarist who can be able to play much better than the band. And in both the movies, director had shown clearly that the future is influenced by the past. So Mia got tensed in the movie Fish Tank as she heard that Connor had left them and in Nowhere Boy, John was also got irritated due to his past.These movies was generally built for the young generation people as they already have pressure of studies and their hobbies and what they want to be in their life. Society also provide pressure to them which result in making pressure in the mind of the child and due to this many children left studying and they got distracted from their hobbies too. Reference British Film Industry available at http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/in_depth/entertainment/2003/british_film_industry/default. stm Curran and Porter, 1993 British Cinema History, London: Weidenfeld & Nicholson 9-23Murphy, R. ed. , 2009 The British Cinema Book, London: BFI, 1-64, 65-142 Fish Tank official website http://www. michaelfassbender. org/episodesfte. html http://www. hollywoodreporter. com/hr/film-reviews/fish-tank-film-review-1003973214. story Image Fish Tank from http://www. movieroar. com/images/fish-tankpster1. jpg Nowhere Boy Movie Review http://www. futuremovies. co. uk/review. asp? ID=1110 No Where Boy movie details available at http://www. nowhereboy. co. uk/ http://www. hollywoodreporter. com/hr/film-reviews/nowhere-boy-film-review-1004031851. story

Ethical Paper on Abortion Essays

Ethical Paper on Abortion Essays Ethical Paper on Abortion Essay Ethical Paper on Abortion Essay Abortion What is abortion? An abortion is a medical or surgical procedure used to terminate a pregnancy. A medical abortion is an abortion that is brought about by taking medications that will end a pregnancy. (1) A Surgical abortion is an abortion which ends a pregnancy by emptying the uterus (or womb) with special instruments. (1) Some of the reasons for a woman to get an abortion may be that they cant afford a/another child, health reason of the childs or her own safety, social reasons such as unwanted child or not ready for having a child, and rape or incest. Abortions performed in the seven to nine weeks of the first trimester are medical abortions. (2) All abortions after nine weeks are surgical abortions. Surgical abortions are performed from week six to 21, and any abortion after 21 weeks is very rare; less than †2% of abortions are provided at 21 weeks or after, and they are extremely rare after 26 weeks of pregnancy. Very few abortions are provided in the third trimester, and they are generally limited to cases of severe fetal abnormalities or situations when the life or health of the pregnant woman is seriously threatened. (3) In this essay I will compare the articles of Leonard Peikoff and Kerby Anderson on the topic of abortion. Leonard Peikoff is Pro-Choice, which is in favor of the womens right to chose to have an abortion. Kerby Anderson is Pro-Life, which is opposed to the womens right to chose to have an abortion in favor of the rights of the fetus to live. In Abortion Rights are Pro-Life by Leonard Peikoff, he states throughout his article that an embryo or fetus is not a human and is part of a woman. The mother has the right to decide what she wants to do with her body. Here are a few sections from his article that help describe his viewpoint upon abortion. The status of the embryo in the first trimester is the basic issue that cannot be sidestepped. The embryo is clearly pre-human; only the mystical notions of religious dogma treat this clump of cells as constituting a person. (4) We must not confuse potentiality with actuality. An embryo is a potential human being. It can, granted the womans choice, develop into an infant. But what it actually is during the first trimester is a mass of relatively undifferentiated cells that exist as a art of a womans body. (4) That tiny growth, that mass of protoplasm, exists as a part of a womans body. It is not an independently existing, biologically formed organism, let alone a person. That which lives within the body of another can claim no right against its host. Rights belong only to individuals, not to collectives or to parts of an individual. (4) One thing that can help with this point of view is by taki ng for instance a parasite such as a tapeworm. A rather crude comparison, but it is not a human being although it is dependant to one; it could not live outside a hosts body. Even though it is not a human being there are medical and surgical procedures to terminate the parasite, but it is up to the choice of the host to ride oneself of them or not. Peikoff uses very clear language and does not use any slang or jargon throughout the article and the sentence structure is well done and does transition well. However, there is a large amount of propaganda such as Anti-abortionists are not lovers of lifelovers of tissue, maybe. But their stand marks them as haters of real human beings. Another example of his propaganda is The anti-abortionists attitude, however, is: The actual life of the parents be damned! Give up your life, liberty, property and the pursuit of your own happiness. . Neither of these statements has been made by anti-abortionist, yet he makes the assertion that this is their ideology and motives against abortion. (4) The way he writes this essay he uses a slightly biased, dogmatic, and technical tone. Although he does use good medical and technical terms to describe what an embryo is, he use a dogmatic tone to describe it as though it is not a human being, since it does actually live off its own and is not an independently existing organism. When it comes to the evidence that he uses in his article mostly came from personal evidence with more opinionated evidence. There is very little actual and proven factual evidence, but of what little there is, I can see none that is unbiased. For example If we consider what it is rather than what it might become, we must acknowledge that the embryo under three months is something far more primitive than a frog or a fish. To compare it to an infant is ludicrous. (4) This is accurate, yet very biased and I feel that it is not very necessary, but does help with his point of view. One influence that I believe affects the way he thinks about this topic may be because he is an objectivist, which is a type of philosophy. For instance Rights, in Ayn Rands words, do not pertain to a potential, only to an actual being. A child cannot acquire any rights until it is born. (4) Ayn Rand is the creator of Objectivism and was his mentor; it is because of this that I believe that he is Pro-choice. Since the embryo or fetus is technically not a human being, but an embryo or fetus, and the Metaphysics of Objectivism states that Existence Exists, A is A, a human is a human, an embryo is an embryo ct and a embryo is not a human. (5) e. What perception of the topic do I think this author has? B. Kerby Anderson author of Arguments Against Abortion. In the article by Kerby Anderson he uses many different points of views and evidence that he uses to argue against abortion. Some of this evidence is through the bible and Old Testament, medical, legal, and philosophical reasons. Thr oughout his article he uses very clear language with very little complicated or more elaborate than necessary wording and includes no jargon or slang. The tone that he uses is that of a humanistic and ethical tone with very little biasness. This author is a very good writer and I could not find an instance of vague or coercive language, propaganda, or fallacies. Even though he makes reverences to the bible, he includes the whole passage referenced, leaving no instance of vague language. The only thing that may fall into one of these categories is a fallacy, but that is if one considers the bible to be a fallacy. Anderson uses several sources of evidence throughout his essay. Many and most of them come from references of the Bible and Old Testament. He has also gathered several very accurate instances of evidence that are medical arguments against abortion, such as at conception the embryo is genetically distinct from the mother. To say that the developing baby is no different from the mothers appendix is scientifically inaccurate. A developing embryo is genetically different from the mother. A developing embryo is also genetically different from the sperm and egg that created it. A human being has 46 chromosomes (sometimes 47 chromosomes). Sperm and egg have 23 chromosomes. A trained geneticist can distinguish between the DNA of an embryo and that of a sperm and egg. But that same geneticist could not distinguish between the DNA of a developing embryo and a full-grown human being. He also uses lightly bias evidence such as The point is simple. Medical science leads to a pro-life perspective rather than a pro-choice perspective. If medical science can be used at all to draw a line, the clearest line is at the moment of conception. Medical arguments provide a strong case against abortion and for life. (6). There is not one bit of unnecessary use of evidence and it is all used very sufficiently. The main influence that I believe for his stance on abortion is that he is a very religious Christian and hold the value of a human life (developed or undeveloped) very highly. He is the National Director of PROBE ministries which is a non-profit corporation whose mission is to reclaim the primacy of Christian thought and values in Western culture through media, education, and literature. (6) In a comparison of both of these authors I have found that they both wrote these articles very clearly, had some biasness, but their tones where entirely different. Leonard uses a more harsh and dogmatic tone, while Kerby uses a softer tone with more of a concern on morals rather than rights. The difference between these two authors is that Kerby uses more factual and referenced evidence than Leonard uses, and Leonards article mainly consisted of opinionated referenced evidence. The main difference between these two authors influences is that Leonard uses a philosophical influence while Kerby uses religion as his means of influence. After reviewing each authors article and comparing them I find that my stance upon abortion is a split between the two. I feel that there should be legal abortions, but only under very strong circumstances. For me the only feasible reason for an abortion should be carried out is for the health of the mother, rape or incest. If the two parties responsible for the pregnancy are sexually active, they should know that even though contraceptives are being used they are not 100% effective, and there is a chance of pregnancy. In my opinion I believe there is no such thing as an accidental pregnancy (aside from the cases of rape or incest) and an abortion should not be used for an unwanted pregnancy. I was actually lucky enough to where my father said no to the abortion that my mother wanted and raised me. My original stand point behind abortion was against it in all forms, but after the two articled, my mind has changed. Even though I am a Christian and life is very important to me, there are certain points that I agree with and have brought me to the conclusion that abortion should only be legal in cases of health, rape or incest. 1. prochoice. org/about_abortion/facts/medical_abortion. html. [Online] 2. americanpregnancy. org/unplannedpregnancy/abortionprocedures. html. [Online] 3. prochoice. org/about_abortion/facts/after_12_weeks. html. [Online] 4. abortionisprolife. com/abortion-rights-are-pro-life. htm. [Online] 5. mondopolitico. com/ideologies/atlantis/whatisobjectivism. htm. [Online] 6. leaderu. com/orgs/probe/docs/arg-abor. html. [Online]

Analysis Of The Book The Circle

Dave Eggers’ The Circle, it set certain reverberations echoing in my mind, especially through the correlation of The Circle’s three slogans, â€Å"SECRETS ARE LIES, SHARING IS CARING, PRIVACY IS THEFT† (Eggers 305), with 1984’s â€Å"WAR IS PEACE, FREEDOM IS SLAVERY, IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH† (Orwell 6). I then began to see, like others, that Eggers’ dystopia is a contemporary 1984; therefore, I felt it would be appropriate to compare them. In almost all the reviews and essays written on The Circle, there is not†¦ Grand Central Publishing released Flora Rheta Schreiber’s book Sybil. Through the book Dr. Wilbur, Sybil’s therapist psychoanalyses Sybil’s sixteen different personalities. The book went through all the different personalities and what is the cause of her dissociation. After her analysis was complete Dr. Wilbur thought a book should be written, this was when Flora was introduced into the picture. Flora had had previous work as a journalist and editor of varying psychiatric papers and articles. After†¦ The Hughes Brothers imprint their religious point of view in their 2010 American post-apocalyptic film, â€Å"The Book of Eli†. In this dramatic tale Denzel Washington stars as Eli, a mysterious wanderer that carries the world’s only remaining copy of King James’s Bible. He ventures 30 years across a desolated post-apocalyptic landscape in the attempt of finding a safe haven for this sacred book. Determined to complete his mission, Eli’s quote â€Å"We walk by faith, not by sight† from the Bible conveys a†¦ J07 -- THE BOOK OF TELLS 1 Citation. Collett, P. (2003). The book of tells: How to read people’s minds from their actions. London, United Kingdom: Doubleday. Tells are a recognizable action or a method of performing an action that reveal something about a person that is not otherwise easily observable (Collett, 2003, p.15). The Book of Tells, written by social psychologist Dr. Peter Collett, decodes tells to explain what these subtle clues of human behaviour and motivations are telling us. By delving†¦ establishing and emphasizing whatever specific emotion that the artist wishes to portray. It can also signify a call for extra attention from the reader to a specific page, as the line work suddenly changes in style between pages. In â€Å"The Outside Circle†, the line work on the 26th page is conveying the shattered life and transitioning that the character Joey Caver is going through, and is a visual representation of his emotions negatively being broken down. Lines are everything within a comic as†¦ Major Works Review General 1. Title- The Book Thief 2. Author- Markus Zusak 3. Date of Original Publication- 2005 4. Novel Type- Historical Fiction Structure 1. Point of View- Death 2. Relationship to Meaning- As an omniscient force Death can provide insight on several different events happening all over the world at different points in time, and thoughts running through all the characters’ heads, while also being able to share his own thoughts and feelings about humanity. 3. Plot Structure- a. Exposition-†¦ transporting them. As a result between with a death of 9.6 and 10.8 million Africans arrived in the Americas alive. With the odds against Aminata Diallo, she faces many losses but through these losses Aminata manages to re-defines herself. In "The Book of Negroes" the novel focuses on Aminata 's self-discovery through her many loses, including her loss of innocence, the loss of safety, and the loss of relationships. Aminata first losses her innocence at the age of 11 when colonist invaded her small†¦ Comparatively: A Review Circles are globally ubiquitous. They occur naturally, are used for style, and used as metaphors. One metaphorical use of circles is found in Zen Buddhism. An EnsÃ…  is a hand drawn circle, generally in one brush stroke. It is elegant in its simplicity and symbolises enlightenment, the void, and the wholeness of the universe. In Peter Singer’s book The Expanding Circle, he argues that moral progress comes when people use their reason to progressively expand their circle of empathy from†¦ The novel, The Book Thief, was published in the year 2005 and falls under the genre of historical fiction. In the novel, death narrates the story beginning in 1938. Liesel Meminger is presented as the book thief and is faced with many hardships at the beginning of the novel. She has lost both her parents including her little brother, Werner. This girl is faced with agony and death at such a young age in her life. This forms Liesel into a person who isolates her inner humanity and compassion towards†¦ According to Psychology Today, on average kids spend 5-7 hours a day looking at screens. This is a staggering amount, accounting for around half of daylight hours. In The Circle, a novel by Dave Eggers, a young girl named Mae in a job with a large technology company spends close to her entire day on a screen, leaving little time for interactions with people. Instead she relies on how others perceive her online, rather than as a real human being. Truman’s entire life is fake in The Truman Show, a†¦

Answer questions about two cases Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Answer questions about two cases - Essay Example Negligence defines breach of care by a party to another, leading to harm. The plaintiff must prove different elements in order to win a case on negligence. One of the elements, forming the first criterion to tort of negligence is existence of duty of care. Duty of care is pervasive and involves moral perspective to effects of one’s act, of omission or commission, unless a justification exists for the act. Every person therefore owes people in his or her environment a duty of care for acts that he may commit or omit and the ability to foresee is the key determinant. The case of Commissioners of Customs and Excise v. Barclays Bank plc [2006] UKHL 28, [2006] 3 WLR 1 explains this. In the case, Lord Hoffmann noted that foreseebility is sufficient for physical injury, though not for financial loss (Maclntyre 329). The case of Donoghue v. Stevenson also explains the extent of definition of duty of care. In the case, the plaintiff had consumed a beer that her friend bought before rea lizing remains of a snail in the beer. She suffered shock and stomachache and the courts held that a person owes others a duty of care to other people for harm that can be foreseen (Sagar, Mead and Bampton 2009, p. 16- 18). The criteria that must be satisfied for successful claim in tort of negligence also include proof of breach of the duty of care. The defendant must have failed in the responsibility to ensure safety of the plaintiff and the circumstance must be such that the injury could not be suffered had the defendant ensured the duty of care. It must also be such that no explanation can be offered for the event into the harm. In addition, the defendant must have had authority over the event into the harm but failed to ensure proper control. Another condition that the criterion must satisfy is existence of a loss due to the negligent act. Loses such as physical injury and associated financial loses must be identified and must be incident to the suffered harm. While the

Account for the failure of the experiment in constitutional monarchy Essay

Account for the failure of the experiment in constitutional monarchy between 1789 and 1792 - Essay Example By late 1792, the rule of monarchy was overthrown and replaced by the first French Republic. The vision of an ideal society in which the government worked for the good of the nation and not for individual interests was the driving force behind the political ideas of the French revolutionaries (Hanson, 2004: 4). This paper proposes to account for the failure of the experiment in constitutional monarchy between 1789-1792 during the French Revolution. Further, the extent to which the attitude and behaviour of the king were damaging to the monarchy, and the significance of the development of a more radical strand of politics will be determined. Until 1789, hereditary monarchy which is also known as absolute monarchy was the norm in France, as in other parts of Europe. Though there were no constitutional restraints, every ruler operated within certain constraints. However, several difficulties were commonly experienced by thr rulers such as poor communications, lack of information, absence of a trained civil service which made reforms difficult to implement, resistance to change by vested interests, etc (Simpson, 2000: 11). The representatives of the third estate who took the new title of National Assembly, demanded that France should have a constitution, a set of rules by which it would be governed, and which even the monarch would have to obey. A large part of the first National Assembly’s legislation became incorporated in the Constitution of 1791. It was agreed that the monarchy should remain, which was to be a new constitutional monarchy, stripped of former absolute control over government, legislation, army and justice. Actual power would lie in the hands of the National Assembly itself, with unlimited powers over taxation, authority in all legislative matters, limited only by the requirement to hold elections every two years. The new constitutional

French and Indian War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

French and Indian War - Essay Example The Construction of fortresses in the Ohio valley was also a cause of the war. In 1750, a group of Virginian businessmen secured themselves about 500,000 acres in Ohio valley for settlement. This same piece of land had earlier been claimed by Joseph Celeron for France; the French did so to prevent the British from further expanding into the French colonies and, therefore, begun to construct fortresses on Ohio valley, which made, the British suspicious (Santella 45). This move made the British suspicious and they begun constructions of fortresses and army preparations to counter the French. These army preparations can be regarded as the main cause of the war. Different religious affiliations were also a key concern. The French who had earlier settled in America were Catholics, and they felt threatened since the many violent Indians were non Catholics. The Britons had religious freedom and also felt threatened by the French catholic. This was an ideological difference rather than political; it contributed to the war. Economical differences between France and the British also led to the war. Since both the French and the British were traders, need arose to increase the market base. As a result, the two countries fought to acquire more space for trading and also a market to sell their commodities (Calloway 41). Dispute of the confluence of the Allgney and Monongahela River caused the war. The two rivers situated in the present day Pennsylvania and, Pittsburgh were a main concern for the two colonialists; each wanted to take full control. Consequently, a war erupted between the Native American soldiers and the French soldiers. The French lea ders from Quebec sent the military to discourage the Indian from trading with the British people in that region. Massacre of some French by the Indians also contributed to the war; the Indians were colonies of the British. Their soldiers got directions from George Washington to kill the French. This massacre forced George to surrender and withdraw from further fighting (Calloway 43). The British had not formally declared war on France. The British military, leader Duke organized a series of campaigns designed to cease the French rule in North America. The Generals led attacks against the French in the regions where the French had built fortresses; this was done

Does Music Have Any Effects On The Brain?

Does Music Have Any Effects On The Brain? Music can have a very strong influence; is it strong enough to affect your brain? Music is an art of sound that expresses ideas and emotions through the elements of rhythm, melody, harmony, and colour. The power and influence of music on individuals is a psychological process involving the human ears, body, brain, and nervous system. Besides its pleasing effects to the ears, it has been established that music can have an influence on our emotional state of being. People listen to music for different reasons and at different times. In recent years, however, a question has been raised with regards to music and its effects on the brain: Does listening to music help improve our physical and mental abilities? Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (the most popular American Poet in the 19th century, 1807-1882) wrote Music is the universal language of mankind. It brings us together as a society and unites people of different cultural backgrounds. It is a very important element which can be used for many purposes such as entertainment, sleeping aid, pain relief, relaxation tool, eliminate stress, emotional purposes, provide means of self-expression, aid develop the skills necessary at workplace, home or general environment and so much more. It is also used for special occasions such as funerals, weddings, graduations, soldiers marching off to war, sporting events, prayer, romantic dinners and parties. Music is mostly used in these types of events because it has the influence to change our atmosphere and provide us with a sense of pleasure, comfort and happiness. It also enhances teamwork skills and discipline in churches and in bands where all team members involvement and participation is required to produce a good song. Research shows that certain types of music such as classical music, yoga music or nature music creates a calming effect on us which helps reduce our heart rate. This may enable us conquer anxiety and gain self confidence. Music can help us communicate with each other when languages are different. Before the invention of mails and telephones, certain tribes use to contact each other with drumbeats. Sound travels at about 350 meters per second in dry air at 20 C (68 F) and this was quicker and efficient in getting a message across to each other in the Ancient times which required some skills and knowledge. There was a sender and a receiver who would interpret the me ssage to the Leader of the village. This was mostly practised in Africa and Asia and is still practised in some parts of the world. The drawbacks were messages could be interpreted wrongly by the receiver or conveyed wrongly by the sender which caused inconvenience. There are many uses and benefits of music which are yet to be discovered. In recent years, scientists have been astonished by the effects music has on children. Babies are mostly lulled to sleep with lullabies due to its known calming effects on the brain and body. Experiment has proven that introducing toddlers to good music genres such as classical at an early age enables them become more creative, increase their level of imagination and their ability to obtain and develop different skills in later life. During childhood we are all expected to learn nursery rhymes reason being music is known to be a kick-start to learning and known to offer long life benefits. Also as individuals we all need diversity in our lives to broaden our knowledge and develop strong relationships in life. On Sunday, 21 February 2010, one of the major British newspapers The Guardian, which has a certified average daily circulation of 358,844 copies, published an article on music and its power to shape a chil ds mind. (Source: http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/music-has-the-power-to-shape-a-childs-mind-1905967.html).The article discusses some of the profound effects of music on the nervous system and encourages schools to make it a core subject. Schools which fail to make music a core subject are making a mistake, because it has advantages for the growing brain and would help all children, including those with dyslexia and autism, neuroscientist Professor Nina Kraus said. Professor Krauss team at North-western University in Chicago, Illinois, have shown that the nervous system responds to the acoustic properties of speech and music with sub-millisecond precision. The effectiveness with which the nervous system interprets sound patterns is linked to musical ability. Scientists have been amazed by some of effects of music can be have individuals. This has led to the establishment of a field of health care known as Music Therapy. Therapists use the benefits and positive effects of music to improve and maintain their patients emotional, physical, aesthetic, mental, social, and spiritual well being. Those who practice music therapy are finding it very useful and effective which enables them live a normal life. It is used to help patients with cancer, neurodevelopment disorders such as dementia, children with ADD and autism. A National Autistic Society spokeswoman explained how many children with autism respond well to music. It helps children in communication and interaction. It also creates a calming effect on the patients which enables them express some level of emotion. This has resulted in many patients overcoming certain illnesses. Hospitals are also beginning to use music and music therapy to help with pain management. In some hospital theatre s such as Bay Medical Center located in both Northeast Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan (America), music is used to help ward off patients depression and ease muscle tension. Many patients reacted positively to especially classical music as it generated a comforting environment and calmed patients which enabled doctors progress during operations. However, it could be argued that music can be an addiction and if not constantly played to these patients could cause further depression in some cases. Scientist have conducted further research and found that music with a strong beat can stimulate brainwaves to resonate in sync with the beat, with faster beats bringing sharper concentration and more alert thinking to the listener. Slower music genre such as classical helps promote a relaxed and meditative state (source: http://www.brainskills.co.uk/MusicTherapy.html ). Over the years scientist have been looking at some other benefits music can offer. Athletes such as cyclist and marathon runners are known to find music very useful during training sessions. Most of these athletes consider music as a motivation and a relaxation tool which helps prepare the body and mind for a lengthy workout. There are believes that fast music can help athletes train faster and better during training, leading to a good workout. To determine the actual effects of music on the performance of athletes, Scientists at St. Scholastica College in Duluth, Minnesota conducted a test with six men and five women on a 15 minute treadmill at 5.5 mile per hour on each runner. The runners were categorised into a group of three. Group1 and 2 consisted of two males and two females and group 3 consisted of two males and one female. Group 1 were made to listen to a fast pace beat, group 2 were made to listen a slow beat and group 3 listened to no music. This was observed for 15 minutes and in the study, it was discovered that group 1 burned 10 extra calories over 15 minutes, an extra 40 calories per hour. This may seem a small gain but if practised constantly over just three hours a week, you may be capable of burning an extra 2 pounds of fat in the course of a year. This will help towards the individuals stamina and be of great advantage to his/her mental health. This research also suggested that music if combined with appropriate imagery can have either a calming effect on the individual during physical training which helps improve the cardiovascular system by maintaining adequate circulation of oxygenated blood around the vascular network of the body. However, there is no firm evidence that suggest that the tranquilising effects of music can promote better performances when athletes listen to the music before performing. The research, however, implies that listening to music during training sessions can certainly improve workout quality. (Effect of Up-Beat Mus ic on Endurance Performance, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, volume 27(5), Supplement, #853, p. S151, 1995 and The Impact of Music and Imagery on Physical Performance and Arousal: Studies of Coordination and Endurance, Journal of Sport Behaviour, volume 15(1), pages. 21-33, 1992) Music is mostly divided into genres and subgenres. Some of the main genres are Rock/Pop, Jazz, Hip hop, World, Nostalgia, Blues, Country, Easy Listening, Folk, Ethnic, Metal and other subgenres. Classical music is one of the oldest genres encircling a broad era from roughly 1750s to date (source: http://www.musiclessonsonline.co.uk/ClassicalMusic.html ). It has inspired and influenced other genres such as hip hop and RB. It is accepted by nearly every generation ever since its establishment. Researchers have come across some rather amazing benefits of classical music. It holds one of the largest listeners due to its calming effects which aid the mind and its ability to inspire its listeners. Amongst the results it was found that classical music has the ability to reduce crime. British Transport Police supplied classical music into London Underground stations in 2004 in some of the areas most dangerous neighbourhoods. After playing the music for six months, robberies were cut by 33 percent, staff assaults decreased by 25 percent and vandalism went down 37 percent. This was not the first time classical music had been used in preventing crime. In 2001, police in West Palm Beach, Florida installed a CD player and speakers on an abandoned building in a crime-ridden neighbourhood. After playing classical music mostly Mozart, Bach and Beethoven 24 hours a day for about three months, shootings, thefts, loiterers and drug deals decreased. (Source: http://hypography.com/forums/music-studies/14554-help-me-describe-why-music-education-5.html ) It was also discovered that if you walk into a store thats playing classical music you are likely to spend more. It is used as an instrument to get you to purchase more items, as consumer advocate and columnist Brian Vaszily entertainingly explains in How Stores are secretly using music to lure their customers. Music can help shape customers time perception, lower sales resistance and increase willingness to spend, says James Kellaris, a marketing professor at the University of Cincinnati. The complexity of classical music makes your brain work harder, causing it to overcompensate and make you feel like youve been in the store for less time than you actually have. Meanwhile, the music can make it more difficult for shoppers to use critical thinking in deciding whether to buy a product. The end result is spending more time in the store, buying more, and spending more money. (Source: http://www.sixwise.com/newsletters/06/10/05/how_classical_music_can_reduce_crime_benefit_your_mood_and_ increase_your_spending.htm) All these events reveal that music can control our brains and has the capability to change our live style and behavioural patterns. Scientists wanted to prove scientifically how listening to a song helps develop the brain. Several experiments were conducted to find out which side of the brain is activated and improved when we listen to music. Mozarts music and baroque music, with a 60 beats per minute beat pattern, activates the left and right brain. The simultaneous left and right brain action maximizes learning and retention of information. Reading activates the left brain while the music activates the right brain. Also, activities which engage both sides of the brain at the same time, such as playing an instrument or singing, causes the brain to be more capable of processing information. According to The Center for New Discoveries in Learning, learning potential can be increased a minimum of five times by using this 60 beats per minute music. For example, the ancient Greeks sang their dramas because they understood how music could help them remember more easily. A renowned Bulgarian psychologist, Dr. George Lozanov, designed a way to teach foreign languages in a fraction of the normal learning time. Using his system, students could learn up to one half of the vocabulary and phrases for the whole school term (which amounts to almost 1,000 words or phrases) in one day. Along with this, the average retention rate of his students was 92%. Dr. Lozanovs system involved using certain classical music pieces from the baroque period which have around a 60 beats per minute pattern. He has proven that foreign languages can be learned with 85-100% efficiency in only thirty days by using these baroque pieces. His students had a recall accuracy rate of almost 100% even after not re viewing the material for four years. Music has also been used by Doctors to heal the human mind and also cure diseases. It has been used as a means of overcoming depression and reducing chronic pain. Music can be described as a tool used to capture and transmit emotions. One of the advantages of music is its ability to achieve more than one objective at a time. Elevating music can divert the mind and revive the soul. Sad and soulful music can offer solace, encourage and support psychological work and set free emotions. When exposed to the worlds dilemmas, some depend on drugs and others relate to music to help overcome these obstacles. Some of these dilemmas can lead to Depression which reduces the activities that occur in our brains and obstructs the minds capability to arrange and carry out responsibilities. The lack of the neurotransmitter and Serotonin leads to a depressed state of mind. It has been discovered by scientist that listening to music could help reduce chronic pain and depression by a quarter (http://www .sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/05/060524123803.htm). People react to music in different ways. Singing and dancing to your favourite music is known to help increase the flow of serotonin in the brain by bringing about pleasure and excitement to the individual. I was greatly astonished by some of the experiments and discoveries mostly carried out by scientists, therapist and authors involving this topic. This influenced me to create a questionnaire to discover how music influences its listeners and what music genre generates the most effects. This is a summary table of the research questionnaire I created and handed out to a sample audience of fifty. To obtain varied and reliable results I decided on a 50 percent male audience and 50 percent female. i.e. Every bar in this graph is out of a 100%. This is because I designed my questionnaire so people could tick many answers for a particular question. I then counted the number of people who listened to music for entertainment purposes out of number of audience I have and multiplied it by 100%. This enabled me convert all my figures into percentage. I decided on a 50 sample audience as it is large enough to obtain varied results, to help structure my graph and in order not to obtain decimal figures when converting to percentage. This was prepared to achieve reliable results. The data also indicates that 46 (92%) of the sample audience listen to more than 1 type of music. This proves that music is universal and its effects are not limited to one genre of music. As seen in the graph 82% of my sample audience listened to music for entertainment purposes. This proves that music provides stimulation and entertainment at the most fundamental level. 60% of my sample audience listened to music to help eliminate stress. This shows that music helps takes your mind temporally away from problems and it has the effect of eliminating tension from the mind. 30% of my audience listen to music for emotional purposes. This proves that music can help provide solace to its listeners. Four of my sample audience listened to music whilst studying and two suggested it helped improve their grades at school. Finally one person suggested it helped them gain confidence. My questionnaire also generated a link between music for entertainment purposes and stress elevation. Majority of my sample audience who listened to music for entertainment purposes also suggested it helped in eliminating stress. As shown in figure 2 above, modern music genres such as Hip hop and Rock/Pop is the most listened to probably due to its relatable lyrics. An analysis of the data by age groups also shows that 71% of the under 18s age group listen to music for entertainment purposes. 91% of the 18-21 age group that is 10 out of 11 people also listened to music for entertainment purposes. Of the 22 years and above age group, 17 out of 31 representing 55% listened to music to help eliminate stress. An analysis on gender shows that out of 25 females the influence of music is high amongst 5 representing 20% of the sample audience, 6 of them (25%) found the influence of music to be low. However, majority of them that is 12 (48%) indicated the effects of music to be medium. Out of 25 people in the male group, 5 representing 20% found the effects of music to be high and 12 representing 48% found it to be medium. This shows that music on an average has a medium effect on both male and female. Of the unemployed group of 4, three indicated the effects of music to be low. This may suggest that they need more than just music to entertain them and relieve stress. Writers mostly consisting of neurologist have published several books on the subject of music and its effects on the brain. Musicophilia is a highly recommended book, a New York Times bestseller. Written by Oliver Sacks (Author) and published by Picador on the 2nd of November 2007. It has been awarded one of the Best Books of 2007 by the Washington Post and the editors of Amazon.com. According to Oliver Sacks, Music can move us to the heights or depths of emotion. It can persuade us to buy something, or remind us of our first date. It can lift us out of depression when nothing else can. It can get us dancing. But the power of music occupies more areas of our brain than language does humans are a musical species. In this book Oliver Sacks tells interesting tales of individuals affected with the worse case of neurological conditions but are perfectly capable of memorising and composing songs on the piano. This has in effect changed the way we view the human brain. In Musicophilia, he cautiously explores the influence of music through the individual experiences of patients suffering from Parkinsons disease, Alzheimers or amnesia, stroke and many more. It also involves musicians, performers and normal individuals who have been greatly affected by music. There are also scenarios of people struck by lightning and are suddenly motivated to become pianist, to an entire group of children with Williams syndrome who are hyper musical right from birth. Oliver Sacks scientifically explains why music is at times haunting, memorable and irresistible. The extraordinary neural robustness of music is also brought out in the following letter I was sent, about a well-known pianist. The pianist is now 88 and has lost language but he plays every day. When the Mozart is read, he points back and ahead well in advance of the repeats. Two years ago he recorded a complete four-hand repertoire of Mozart that he had recorded in the 1950s (Page 336). Whiles his language has began to fail him, I love his recent playing and conception even more than the earlier recording a colleague stated. Another letter was written to Oliver by one man briefly explaining how his wife was diagnosed with a brain disorder but still plays the piano on a daily basis. Although my wife has Alzheimers diagnosed at least seven years ago-the essential person miraculously remainsShe plays piano several hours daily, very well. Her present ambition is to memorize the Schumann A-minor Piano Concerto (Page 337). Alzheimers is a progressive and fatal brain disease. Alzheimers destroys brain cells, causing memory loss and problems with thinking and behaviour severe enough to affect work, lifelong hobbies or social life. Alzheimers gets worse over time, and it is fatal. Today it is the seventh-leading cause of death in the United States. Alzheimers disease accounts for 50 to 80 percent of dementia cases. And yet this woman who is, in most other spheres, grossly forgetful and disabled memorises plays full songs on the piano. Music can survive the most devastating brain damage. A herpes infection left Clive Wearing, a musicologist and musician, with a memory span of no more than a few seconds. His entire life form was overturned. But, confronted with a piece of music, he would first insist he had never played it before and then play it flawlessly. The process of making the music overcame his handicap. His wife wrote to Sacks of Clives at-homeness in music . . . where he transcends amnesia and finds continuum. Or there is the case of Tony Cicoria, a man struck by lightning in a telephone box. A few weeks later, he was overcome by an insatiable desire to listen to piano music. He bought CDs and sheet music and began to resurrect his childhood piano lessons. Then, involuntarily, he began to compose music in his head. A torrent of notes came, he said, from heaven. Cicoria now lives in music. Oliver Sacks concentrates on stories written or told by the victim or the victims relative rather than theory; he does not come to a definite conclusion about music in his book but our intuition is reinforced by elaborate analysis of particular situations. Music genres such as hip hop, rock and pop has been known to help promote crime. Violence, racism, homophobic behaviours or sexist lyrics in much of todays popular music could have an impact on impressionable young people who are just developing a sense. Numerous studies indicate that a preference for heavy metal music may be a significant marker for alienation, substance abuse, psychiatric disorders, suicide risk, sex-role stereotyping or risk-taking behaviours during adolescence. (Source: American Academy of Pediatrics, 1999) In conclusion music is a very powerful tool that creates a connection to the human soul, body and mind. As shown in my work music is used to entertain, as therapy in hospitals to relieve stress, help in communication, express emotions, enhance concentration and maintain alertness and vigilance. It is also used in stores to promote sales and to motivate the workers.